Hadoop

Hadoop is an open source software platform designed to store and process large data sets on clusters of computers. The platform was inspired by Google’s MapReduce, a software framework that breaks applications into many small parts, each of which can be run or re-run on any node in the cluster.

The platform allows scaling from a single server to thousands of machines, each providing local computation and data storage. Hadoop uses data replication to store multiple copies of data blocks on different nodes, allowing for automatic data recovery in the event of node failures or loss of availability.

The main components of Hadoop

• Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) is a component of Hadoop designed to store and access large amounts of data. HDFS divides data into blocks and distributes them to nodes in a cluster, providing fault tolerance and parallel processing of data.
• MapReduce is a programming and data processing model in Hadoop. It allows you to break a data processing task into small pieces (map) and then aggregate the results (reduce) on each node in the cluster.
• Hadoop YARN is a component of Hadoop that manages the resources of systems that store data and perform analysis. YARN allows you to manage computational resources in a cluster and place tasks on available nodes.
• Hadoop Common -a Hadoop module that includes various utilities and libraries needed to support the operation of other Hadoop components. Hadoop Common provides common functionality for the entire platform.
• Hadoop Streaming is an approach in Hadoop that allows you to use any programming language to write MapReduce tasks. It provides flexibility in programming language selection and makes it easy to integrate existing code and extend Hadoop capabilities.

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Comparing Hadoop to traditional databases
Hadoop can store any type of data, structured and unstructured, and can scale to petabytes of data. Traditional databases, on the other hand, require structured data and have storage limitations.

Hadoop use cases
Hadoop is being used in a variety of industries. For example, social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter can store and process huge amounts of data using Hadoop. E-commerce giants such as Amazon and Alibaba use the platform to create product recommendation systems, fraud detection, and customer research.