NoSQL

NoSQL (Not Only SQL) is an approach to database design that provides high-speed and flexible data management that is not possible with traditional SQL databases.

The NoSQL revolution
. The NoSQL revolution was driven by necessity. When big data and web applications that ran in real time emerged, traditional SQL databases with their rigid schemas and scaling limitations began to lose their relevance. NoSQL databases, capable of handling unstructured data and scaling horizontally, became the optimal solution to today’s data problems.

Types of NoSQL databases
NoSQL databases come in different types, each with its own unique capabilities and applications. The four main types include:

• document databases, such as MongoDB, store data in a semi-structured format such as JSON, making them ideal for working with different types of data;
• key-value stores, such as Redis, provide high performance and are ideal for storing session information, user profiles, and preferences;
• wide-area storage, such as Cassandra, is optimized for querying large data sets and is used in analytics;
• graph databases such as Neo4j are great at storing interconnected data, making them ideal for social media.

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Comparing NoSQL and SQL
NoSQL databases offer high scalability, flexibility with unstructured data, and high speed. However, SQL databases still have an advantage when it comes to ACID transactions (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) and support for standardized languages.

Application of NoSQL
. NoSQL databases have found their niche in various industries. Technology giants like Google, Facebook, and Amazon use NoSQL for their data-intensive applications. NoSQL is also widely used in real-time analytics, content management and IoT applications.